It is possible to accept the ambiguousness of a tool’s future if you choose tools that make self-guaranteeing promises.

A self-guaranteeing promise does not require you to trust anyone.

Example: apps that work on an open file format are self-guaranteeing promises, because regardless of what happens to the business or what they “promise” to do, its guaranteed that your data will be accessible because it’s already in an open format.

Systems want to grow and grow, but without pruning, they collapse. Slowly, then spectacularly.

Remember those who did the invisible work of removing.

File over app is a philosophy: if you want to create digital artifacts that last, they must be files you can control, in formats that are easy to retrieve and read. Use tools that give you this freedom.

the files you create are more important than the tools you use to create them. Apps are ephemeral, but your files have a chance to last.

The web equivalent is: the websites you create — their content and functionally for end users — are more important than the tools you use to create them.

What your site is built and served with is ephemeral, but the content is what has a chance to last.